防抱制动系统基于最佳滑移率的滑模变结构控制方法

建立了防抱制动系统的非线性、时变数学模型,实现了滑模变结构控制方法在防抱制动系统中的应用,提出了两种由递推最小二乘算法来计算最佳滑移率的估计方法:一种基于附着系数—滑移率曲线的数学模型,一种基于该曲线的形状。仿真结果表明了基于最佳滑移率的滑模变结构控制方案在车辆防抱制动系统中的可行性和有效性。     

雷达组网区域性防御区优化部署

对雷达网的费效比、数量、类型方面的优化部署进行了讨论。针对自卫压制式干扰或随队压制式干扰,给出一种采用不同频率的雷达利用不同位置进行优化部署的方法,并利用数据融合技术对这种部署方法进行讨论。     

高空气球地面充氦气量计算方法分析与试验评估

作为高空气球研究中的一个重要问题,气球在地面发放前充入的氦气量会直接影响其上升速度和驻空高度,进而影响平台的可靠性和稳定性。因此研究充氦气量的准确计算方法十分必要。建立了高空气球上升过程动力学模型,计算了气球初始升速的理论值,用于与实际初始升速对比,为评估充氦气量计算方法提供依据。归纳了三种较为典型的高空气球地面充氦气量计算方法,根据实际开展的飞行试验,分析对比了三种方法的准确性和误差范围。提出了浮力补偿规律,完成了对三种方法的评估。通过研究可以对现有充氦气量计算方法进行有效修正,进而为高空气球的实际飞行提供指导。     

Shock wave mitigation using zig-zag structures and cylindrical obstructions

The present study focuses on the mitigation of shock wave using novel geometric passages in the flow field. The strategy is to produce multiple shock reflections and diffractions in the passage with minimum flow obstruction, which in turn is expected to reduce the shock wave strength at the target location. In the present study the interaction of a plane shock front (generated from a shock tube) with various geometric designs such as, 1) zig-zag geometric passage, 2) staggered cylindrical obstructions and 3) zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions have been investigated using computational technique. It is seen from the numerical simulation that, among the various designs, the maximum shock attenuation is produced by the zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions which is then followed by zig-zag passage and staggered cylindrical obstructions. A comprehensive investigation on the shock wave reflection and diffraction phenomena happening in the proposed complex passages have also been carried out. In the new zig-zag design, the initial shock wave undergoes shock wave reflection and diffraction process which swaps alternatively as the shock front moves from one turn to the other turn. This cyclic shock reflection and diffraction process helps in diffusing the shock wave energy with practically no obstruction to the flow field. It is found that by combining the shock attenuation ability of zig-zag passage (using shock reflection and diffraction) with the shock attenuation ability of cylindrical blocks (by flow obstruction), a drastic attenuation in shock strength can be achieved with moderate level of flow blocking.     

Effect of the end cap on the fragment velocity distribution of a cylindrical cased charge

The prediction of the fragment velocity distribution of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps is one of the key issues to assess the damage efficiency of the warhead. However, limited work has been con-ducted to predict the fragment velocity distributions along the axis of cylindrical cased charges with end caps. This paper presents a study of the velocity distribution of fragments caused by the explosion of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps. The fragment velocity distribution and the end cap velocity were determined by an X-ray radiography method, and the axial fragment distribution was determined by witness plates. It was found that the velocities of fragments, especially near the edge, were increased when the end caps were added, and the position of maximum velocity is closer to the non-detonation end. The fragment velocities were increased, and the fragment projection range was decreased with the increase of the thickness of the end cap. A formula for fragment velocity distributions of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps, which is based on Huang's formula, was proposed by the theoretical analysis and data fitting and validated experimentally. The results indicate that the proposed formula is accurate in predicting the fragment velocity distribution along the axis of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps detonated at one end.     

涡轮泵故障检测的频段能量比SOM算法

为了解决缺少故障样本情况下的涡轮泵健康状态判别问题,分析了涡轮泵振动信号的频谱,提取了频段能量比作为其故障检测特征,并讨论了自组织映射的竞争学习原理及聚类结果的U-矩阵表示,提出了一种基于频段能量比的自组织映射故障检测算法,并实现了该算法最佳匹配神经元的选择和权重向量的自适应更新。通过某型液体火箭发动机历史试车数据的验证,结果表明,健康涡轮泵数据利用该算法聚类时仅存在一个类别,相邻神经元距离小于0.1;反之,故障涡轮泵数据利用该算法聚类时明显存在两个或多个类别,且相邻神经元的最大距离大于0.1。因此,基于频段能量比的SOM算法能有效地判别涡轮泵的健康状况。     

声速有限条件下的纯方位方法

针对纯方位条件下对等速直航目标运动要素的观测问题,考虑声音在海水中传播时间的作用,建立了计算可观测目标方位的解析公式。基于平均声速为有限常数的假设,证明了即使观测站静止,运动要素也一般是可观测的。在观测误差为独立同分布零均值正态随机误差的假设条件下,证明了由方位观测误差的最小二乘法给出的估计为极大似然估计。仿真实验表明,观测站转向及直航机动条件下此方法对应的目标运动要素的观测度较传统方法有显著改进。     

假目标配置数量模型及其效费比分析

在现代战争中,示假伪装的地位越来越重要。引入了真假目标的发现识别概率的指数分布模型,综合考虑作战时间、真假目标价格比等因素,确定战场生存能力和配置假目标成本两个目标函数,并以最小加权偏差法确定两者权重,建立基于多目标决策的假目标配置数量模型。最后结合实际问题,将各参数条件带入模型计算出假目标的最佳配置数量,同时利用假目标的效费比模型进行检验分析,从而为战时假目标配置数量的确定提供参考依据。     

Allocation of two redundancies in two‐component series systems

The allocation of redundancies in a system to optimize the reliability of system performance is an interesting problem in reliability engineering and system security. In this article, we focus on the optimal allocation of two exponentially distributed active (standby) redundancies in a two‐component series system using the tool of stochastic ordering. For the case of active redundancy, stochastic comparisons are carried out in terms of the likelihood ratio and reversed hazard rate orders. For the case of standby redundancy, a likelihood ratio ordering result is developed. The results established here generalize and strengthen corresponding results in the recent literature. In addition, several numerical examples are used to explicate the results. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

一种基于节点资源利用率的无标度网络路由策略

本文研究了节点负载处理能力异质条件下的无标度网络交通动力学过程,提出了一种基于节点资源利用率的全局动态路由策略。该策略利用网络中节点资源利用率构建了一种全局代价函数,选择使该代价函数最小的路径来传输负载。实验结果表明该路由策略在略微增加平均路径长度的情况下成倍地提高了网络负载传输能力,与有效路由策略的比较进一步验证了该策略的有效性。